Can Morality Be Objective and Subjective at the Same Time?
The conception of morality as a subjective or objective concept can often seem incompatible, causing a complex challenge for ethical decision-making. While a harm/benefit analysis is necessary and can provide a useful framework for making decisions, it is fraught with its own challenges and assumptions. This article delves into the intricacies of ethical decision-making, exploring the validity of objective and subjective morality, and the role of personal and societal factors in shaping our moral beliefs.
Complexity of Moral Decision-Making
A harm/benefit analysis suggests that ethical decisions should be made based on an assessment of potential future harm or benefit. However, predicting the exact harm or benefit can be an almost impossible task, requiring a level of foresight that is beyond human capacity. This analysis also assumes that personal harm or benefit should be the primary axiom for ethical decisions, disregarding the societal impact.
Furthermore, it is assumed that the person making the moral decision is entirely objective or driven by subjective unconscious impulses. The depth of human psyche and the level of knowledge required to make fully objective decisions are deeply complex, with much of it perpetuated at an unconscious level. The assumption of complete objectivity may not always be feasible in practice.
Objective Morality from a Theological Perspective
When individuals believe in an all-powerful God as their creator, they often hold a belief in objective morality. The idea that a benevolent and omniscient deity has set forth moral standards can provide a solid, objective framework for making ethical decisions. Even those without religious beliefs can typically agree that no one desires to be lied to, cheated, disrespected, or hurt.
God has implanted in each of us a conscience, which, though generally agreed upon, requires proper nourishment and maintenance. If we allow our minds to be filled with negative thoughts and influences, our consciences may become desensitized, leading to poor moral choices. Therefore, it is essential to “feed” our conscience with positive thoughts and actions.
Determining and Expressing Love
The Bible provides the "Greatest Commandments": to love God above all else and to love others, even enemies. These commandments serve as the foundation of God's objective morality, emphasizing the importance of love. While God requires our best efforts and rewards us accordingly, He does not force us to love. This freedom allows individuals the space to determine and express their love in every capacity.
As we gain knowledge and experience, we should also become more knowledgeable, enlightened, and loving. This journey, however, is not easy or quick; it is a lifelong endeavor. We are personally responsible for our best efforts, which is all that God asks of us. By striving to be the best version of ourselves, we can come closer to God’s standards and contribute positively to society.
In conclusion, while the concept of morality as both objective and subjective can be challenging, understanding the role of conscious effort and divine guidance in shaping our moral choices can provide a pathway to ethical living. Whether guided by religious beliefs or not, the pursuit of love and goodness remains a constant in the moral landscape.