Can You Have a Special Interest Without Being Autistic?
Yes, absolutely! While special interests might be more commonly discussed in the context of autism, these deep passions or enthusiasms can manifest in anyone, regardless of their neurotype. A special interest is typically a strong and often enduring fascination with a particular topic, hobby, or activity. Neurotypical individuals, for instance, can develop deep interests in music, sports, science, or art, just like their autistic counterparts.
The Nature of Special Interests
The key difference often lies in the intensity and the way these interests are integrated into one's life. For many autistic individuals, special interests can serve as a coping mechanism or a means of connection, while neurotypical individuals might experience these interests in a more varied or less intense manner. This idea is not limited to professionals who are passionate about their work—doctors, teachers, nurses, and architects, among others, can have strong interests in areas outside their career without being autistic.
Special Interests and Autism Diagnosis
Special interests are one of the four possible "restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests" (RRBIs) mentioned in the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In fact, an individual only needs to meet two out of four criteria to be diagnosed with ASD. This means that even if a person has two RRBIs but does not have special interests, they can still qualify for an autism diagnosis based on stimming, sameness, or sensory sensitivity. The presence of special interests is not a necessary criterion for an autism diagnosis.
Defining Special Interests
While special interests are common among autistics, they can also be found in neurotypical individuals. The line between a general interest and a special interest can be blurred, making it difficult to categorize interests as such. It’s important to view special interests from a personal perspective and not through the standards and perceptions set by others.
Coincidentally, the concept of a special interest can be as elusive as the line between normal and extraordinary. For myself, I prefer to look at it from the viewpoint that special interests are those topics or areas that capture our hearts and minds, regardless of the broader societal norms or expectations. This perspective helps us embrace the uniqueness of our passions.
Special interests are indeed incredibly common and can encompass a wide range of topics. For me, a driving passion is learning about new, previously unexplored subjects. In childhood, I was focused on a single subject, but as I grew and learned more, my interests expanded and evolved. While some individuals remain deeply passionate about the same subject throughout their lives, I can confidently say that I am not ready to retire yet, for there is still so much more for me to learn.
In conclusion, while special interests are often associated with autism, they can be experienced by anyone. It’s important to recognize the breadth and depth of these interests and the unique ways they can enrich our lives, regardless of our neurotype.