Eligibility for OPT After Masters and PhD Programs

Introduction

F-1 visa students often seek to extend their stay in the United States through employment opportunities. One common avenue is the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program, which allows students to work in their field of study for up to 12 months after graduation. However, the eligibility for OPT can vary based on the sequence of one's academic and employment journeys. In this article, we explore the situation of a student who did not apply for OPT after completing a master’s program and then enrolled in a PhD program, which they later quit, and the impact on their eligibility for OPT.

Understanding OPT and F-1 Visa

OPT is a key benefit that allows F-1 visa holders to gain practical work experience in their chosen field. Typically, OPT is a federal program that permits post-graduation employment, but it has its own eligibility criteria depending on the type of program completed.

Case Study: Student's Journey

Let's consider a student who:

Graduated from a master’s program without applying for OPT. Immediately enrolled in a PhD program. Decided to quit the PhD program before completion.

Based on these actions, the student does not qualify for OPT related to their master's degree. Here’s why:

Failure to Apply for OPT After Master’s Degree: To be eligible for OPT, students must apply within 90 days of completing their master’s degree. The student in question failed to apply during this window, thus missing the opportunity. Transition to PhD Program: The student did not adhere to the typical OPT sequence by not entering the workforce or applying for OPT despite the opportunity. Quitting the PhD Program: Since the student did not receive a master’s degree, they cannot apply for OPT as they lack the required degree credential.

Section: OPT Eligibility Based on Program Type

It’s important to understand that OPT is offered in blocks corresponding to the level of the completed degree:

BSMS (Bachelor’s and Master’s) block PhD block Other degree levels are not eligible for OPT unless a full degree is completed

The student in question falls under the third category, as they did not complete a bachelor’s or master’s degree and therefore are not eligible for either level of OPT.

What Can be Done Moving Forward?

For students who missed out on OPT after completing a master's degree, here are some potential strategies:

Enroll in Another Master’s Program: If you did not complete a master’s degree and wish to pursue OPT, you can enroll in another master’s program and apply for OPT after graduating from the new program. Consider Associate or Bachelor’s Degree: If you do not have a master’s degree, you can pursue an associate or bachelor’s degree and apply for OPT related to that degree. Graduate Requirements: Ensure that you meet the graduation requirements for any degree you plan to pursue. The OPT application must align with the completed program.

Conclusion

In conclusion, F-1 visa students must be aware of the timing and eligibility requirements for OPT. For the student in our case study, the path to OPT is not available due to the missed opportunity. However, the options for future eligibility are clear provided the appropriate steps are taken. It’s essential to consult with an immigration lawyer or advisor to navigate these complex procedures effectively.

Keywords: Optional Practical Training (OPT), OPT eligibility, F-1 visa students, masters program, PhD program, academic transitions, work authorization, immigration requirements