Introduction
The decision for a nurse on where to work and which job position to pursue is a personal one that can depend on a myriad of factors. In the United States (US) and Canada, nurses
typically evaluate their educational background, experience, and personal interests to determine which career path best suits them. This article explores the key factors influencing nurse employment choices, focusing particularly on hospitals and schools. It highlights the varying requirements and motivations that drive nurses to different settings and the diverse career opportunities available within the nursing profession.
Factors Influencing Employment Choices
Educational Background and Licensing
In the US, after graduating from a nursing program and passing the licensing examination (such as the NCLEX-RN), an RN is prepared to work in most entry-level positions. However, some institutions may necessitate additional experience and courses for certain roles. For example, hospitals often require 6-12 months of Med-Surg experience before an RN can transition to critical areas like ICU or ER. In Canada, particularly in Ontario, mandatory certification as a BScN is required for nurses working in public schools, although they must register with the Nursing Regulatory College and can work in hospitals if they choose to do so. Extra courses may be required for specialized roles such as emergency departments, intensive care units, or operating rooms.
Specialization and Sub-specialization
Nurses have the option to specialize in various fields, such as mental health, pediatrics, geriatrics, and nursing education. These subspecialties often require additional certifications or advanced degrees. For instance, managing roles may necessitate an MSN (Master of Science in Nursing), while clinical specialist or nurse practitioner roles may require an MSN or advanced practice nursing qualifications. In Canada, specialization can further depend on college of nurses' requirements.
Personal Interests and Job Satisfaction
The personal interests and job satisfaction of nurses play a significant role in their employment decisions. Some nurses may prioritize environments that offer unique learning experiences, while others seek stability or high-income positions. For instance, the author of this article found joy in the dynamic and evolving nature of the nursing profession. A BSN degree (Bachelor of Science in Nursing) and a potential MSN can enhance career advancement and income potential.
Experience, Skills, and Preferences
Other critical factors in choosing a nursing job include the level of experience, specific skills, and personal preferences. Factors such as a nurse's tolerance for specific patient populations, physical and mental abilities, as well as the capacity to handle various communication styles and political pressures, all contribute to their decision-making process. Nurses with different lifestyles may be drawn to roles that align better with their circadian rhythms, such as evening shifts or part-time positions.
Program Admission and Personal Circumstances
The ability to gain admission to certain nursing programs can also significantly impact a nurse's career. Factors including time availability, financial considerations, and social support systems can play a crucial role in determining whether a nurse can pursue an advanced degree or specialty certification. Those wishing to enter competitive programs must weigh the time and financial investment against personal and professional goals.
Why Nurses Choose Different Settings
Nurses choose to work in hospitals or schools based on a combination of personal, educational, and career factors. While hospitals offer a variety of specialized roles and immediate patient care, schools necessitate a different set of skills, including the ability to work with diverse age groups and manage a school environment. Other factors, such as benefits, hours, and the ability to fit into a nurse's lifestyle, also influence these choices.
Conclusion
Ultimately, the decision for a nurse on where to work and which role to pursue is a multifaceted choice driven by educational background, personal interests, experience, and individual preferences. Hospitals and schools each offer unique opportunities and challenges, and nurses must carefully consider all aspects before making a decision. By understanding the various factors that influence employment choices, aspiring and current nurses can make more informed and fulfilling career decisions.