Lessons from the 1975 Indira Imposed Emergency: Relevance to India Today
Yesterday, we commemorated the 1975 imposition of “Emergency” in India. This was a significant dark chapter in the democratic history of our nation, marked by authoritarian actions and the subversion of democratic institutions. It is crucial to reflect on the lessons learned from this period as we navigate the contemporary political landscape, especially with the rise of leaders like Modi, who some perceive as autocratic.
Understanding the Emergency
The Emergency was declared during Indira Gandhi's tenure as Prime Minister, ostensibly to maintain law and order and support her administration's actions. However, it quickly devolved into a comprehensive suspension of basic freedoms, draconian measures, and widespread political repression. This period starkly highlighted the dangers of autocratic rule and the importance of upholding democratic principles.
The Lessons for the Citizens
Never Become Emotional Voters: The Emergency era illustrated the risks of blindly following charismatic leaders, even if they are perceived as strong or capable. Leaders like Indira Gandhi and, in some circles, Narendra Modi, can be seen as potential autocrats. The cry should always be for justice and accountability, rather than emotional loyalty.
Protest When Institutions Are Subverted: During the Emergency, democratic institutions such as the judiciary, media, and civil society were silenced and undermined. Citizens must be vigilant and resist such subversion, even when leaders invoke patriotism or security as justification.
The Lessons for Leaders
Balancing Strength and Authoritarianism: While the public may sometimes yearn for strong leadership, true leadership lies in democratic principles and public trust. Leaders must prioritize the rule of law and public welfare over personal power or security. Authoritarianism can undermine public trust, leading to lasting damage and instability.
Commitment to Democratic Values: Political parties and leaders must actively promote and defend democratic values. The failure to denounce past wrongs, such as the 1984 anti-Sikh riots, the demolition of the Babri Masjid, and the hate crimes in Gujarat, erodes public trust in the system.
Relevance to Contemporary India
Several aspects of the Emergency are still relevant today. Many citizens continue to believe that a strong, autocratic leader is more suited to governance than democracy. This is a dangerous mindset that can lead to the erosion of democratic institutions.
Undemocratic rulers have successfully consolidated power not only in India but globally, as seen in leaders like Jair Bolsonaro, Rodrigo Duterte, and Viktor Orban. Political parties in India, including the Congress, have struggled to maintain internal democracy and are sometimes accused of reverting to authoritarian practices when in power.
Morale cannot be restored merely by idealistic slogans; it requires concrete actions to uphold the rule of law, protect free speech, and ensure fair and transparent governance. Today, we need leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan who can effectively mobilize the masses and champion democratic ideals.
It is imperative that we, as a nation, continue to learn from the lessons of the past and work towards a future that values democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. Blind loyalty to any leader, regardless of their actions, is dangerous. The fight for democracy must remain a constant and steadfast pursuit.