Negative Outcomes of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Risks and Considerations

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a widely recognized and effective form of psychotherapy used to treat various mental health conditions. However, like all forms of therapy, it carries risks and potential negative outcomes. This article explores the potential undesired or negative outcomes that could result from CBT, the risks associated with its methods, and the importance of considering these factors when pursuing therapy.

The Risks of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy involves examining inner thoughts and changing external behaviors. Each of these processes has the potential to bring about issues and challenges:

Examining Inner Thoughts and Negative Cognitions

CBT often requires individuals to confront negative thought patterns that contribute to psychological distress. This process of examining and potentially changing these cognitions can be emotionally challenging and demanding. For many, the effort required to change distorted or negative thoughts that have become deeply ingrained can be significant. Additionally, the process can feel overwhelming if the individual is not ready to address these thoughts openly. In some cases, bringing up negative thoughts without making meaningful changes can lead to an increase in emotional distress rather than a reduction.

Changing External Behaviors

Another aspect of CBT involves making changes in one's external behaviors. Doing so can be risky and may lead to several negative outcomes. For instance, individuals may face resistance or disapproval from friends, family, or colleagues when they start to alter their behavior. This resistance can strain relationships and potentially lead to their dissolution. Moreover, attempting new behaviors can be emotionally stressful. Simple actions like asking someone out for the first time can be daunting and anxiety-inducing, which can compound the challenges of behavioral change.

Is it Worth It?

Despite the potential risks, the majority of people who undergo CBT do experience significant benefits. These benefits often include reduced psychological distress and improvements in quality of life. However, whether the risks are greater than the benefits is ultimately a personal decision that each individual must make. It is often the case that making the decision to seek help and then adhering to a treatment plan can be the most difficult part of the journey.

Variability in Therapy Effectiveness and Timing

The effectiveness of CBT and any form of therapy often depends on several factors, including the skill of the therapist and the amount of time devoted to the therapy. Therapy is both an art and a science. Even after just a couple of sessions, a therapist may be able to identify the primary issues. However, the client may not be ready to delve into and address these issues immediately. This is where CBT seeks to streamline the process by setting specific behavioral goals and allowing for changes in attitudes as a result of these changes and cognitive insights.

For some individuals, particularly those who carry deep psychological wounds, the 6-session approach may not be sufficient. In such cases, a longer and more tailored approach may be necessary. Additionally, therapists may sometimes be wrong about the apparent problems, and it can take patience and careful listening to uncover the real issues. Regardless of the approach or theoretical background, the therapist plays a crucial role in helping clients bring unconscious or subconscious issues to the forefront, where they can be addressed and resolved.

In summary, while CBT offers numerous benefits, it is essential to consider the potential risks. Making the decision to seek therapy and sticking to it can be challenging, but with the right therapist and a tailored treatment plan, the positive outcomes can be substantial.