The Hardest Screenwriting Skills to Master: Why Story Structure and Characterization Stand Out

Dear Jim,

It’s been a while since we last met in Boston, yet your guidance and mentorship during my screenwriting CDs for Creative Screenwriting are still vivid in my memory. I couldn’t agree more with Michael Wilde about the often overlooked importance of characterization. However, as I reflect on the various aspects of screenwriting, it becomes apparent that story structure is perhaps the most critical skill that many writers lack.

Characterization, the essence of bringing lifelike characters to the screen, does indeed have its roots in structure. But in many screenwriting programs, the foundational elements of story are often misunderstood or not adequately emphasized. This article will delve into why story structure and characterization are among the hardest skills to learn and most seldom taught.

Story Structure: The Backbone of a Powerful Screenplay

Story structure, or narrative architecture, is the backbone upon which a compelling screenplay rests. It is the framework that narrators use to organize their experiences and connect events. In essence, it involves elements connected to each other by viable relationships to construct a coherent and engaging story. However, many aspiring screenwriters struggle with this concept for several reasons:

Lack of Understanding: The term "structure" is often used interchangeably with format, which is a limiting and incorrect approach. Structure refers to the plot, sequence of events, and the logical flow of the story. Poor Instruction: Many educators and screenwriting programs fail to provide a comprehensive understanding of how to effectively structure a screenplay. It’s a nuanced subject that requires creative thinking and practical application. Instant Gratification: Writers often become overwhelmed by the complexity of story structure, leading them to seek shortcuts. This can result in poorly developed plots with little substance.

Characterization: Bringing Life to the Page

Characterization is another crucial aspect of screenwriting. It involves the creation of believable and dynamic characters that resonate with audiences. However, the traditional methods taught in many university programs often fall short, leading to one-dimensional or stereotypical characters. Here are some reasons why:

Outdated Teaching Methods: Many universities are still teaching novel writing techniques, which focus on a single trait repeated throughout the narrative. This approach does little to create complex, multi-dimensional characters. Focus on Novels: An overwhelming number of screenwriting instructors are not screenwriters. Their experience is primarily in novel writing, which can limit their understanding of the unique requirements of screenplay writing. Lack of Real-World Application: A-list actors have specific methods for developing their characters, which are often richer and more practical. Integrating these methods into screenwriting education could greatly enhance character development.

A-List Actors and the Art of Characterization

A-list actors are often taught specific methods for character development that are highly effective, even for screenwriters. For instance, the work of A-list actors and their understanding of character nuances go beyond the simple repetition of traits. Actors like Meryl Streep, Tom Hanks, and many others use a variety of techniques to bring depth and authenticity to their roles.

One such method is the use of improvisation and lived experiences to inform characters. Actors consider their own motivations and emotional responses, which can translate directly into more convincing on-screen portrayals.

Moreover, techniques such as the Stanislavski System, developed for theatre, can be adapted for screenwriting. This system emphasizes the actor's emotional preparation and belief in the character, which can be incredibly beneficial for screenwriters looking to create rich, dynamic characters.

As someone who has taught Advanced Characterization for Screenwriters for the last 25 years, I have observed that these methods can significantly improve the quality of characters in screenplays. My students can order a copy of the Characterization textbook I originally brought into the classroom from Example Books or directly from Example Stores.

Conclusion

Story structure and characterization are the foundational elements that screenwriters must master. Skilled instructors and the right instructional methods can make a world of difference for aspiring writers. By focusing on these areas, screenwriters can create engaging and believable narratives that captivate their audiences.