The History and Symbolism of the Heart Shape in Love
Love, a universal emotion that has captured the human heart for centuries, often symbolized through the iconic heart shape. But how did this symbol come to be associated with love? There are two main theories regarding the origins of the heart symbol that we will explore in this article.
1. The Silphium Theory
Silphium: An Ancient Aphrodisiac
The heart symbol's early association with love is often linked to an ancient plant called silphium. Silphium, a now extinct species of giant fennel, was cultivated in Cyrene, a Greek city-state in North Africa. It was prized not only for its aromatic qualities but for its medical use, particularly as a form of birth control.
According to historical accounts, silphium's popularity led to its frequent depiction on coins and public monuments, showcasing the plant's seedpod, which bore a striking resemblance to the heart shape. As its importance in society grew, so too did the symbolic connection between the plant and the heart, eventually leading to the widespread adoption of the heart symbol in love-related contexts.
2. The Aristotelian Theory
Aristotle and the Human Heart
The second theory traces the heart shape's association with love back to early artists and scientists who attempted to depict the human heart. Greek philosopher Aristotle's description of the heart as a three-chambered organ with a small dent in the center may have influenced the medieval heart shape.
Medieval artists, drawing from Aristotle's anatomical descriptions and the ancient medical texts they worked with, may have created a standardized drawing of the heart that eventually became the modern symbol. This depiction, along with the heart's close association with emotions and pleasure, helped cement its connection with love.
Evolving Iconography in Love
From Ancient to Modern Times
The transition from the silphium-based symbol to the modern heart shape is a fascinating journey through time. The early adoption of the heart symbol in ancient times set the stage for its widespread use in Medieval Europe. As the tradition of exchanging valentines gained popularity in 17th century England, hearts proliferated on valentine's cards, ribbons, and bows, becoming an integral part of Valentine's Day celebrations.
The heart also found its place in religious iconography, particularly with the Essential Heart of Jesus, a symbol introduced by Saint Margaret Mary Alocoque in the 17th century. The Sacred Heart symbol became a central figure in Christian devotion and continued to influence the symbolic representation of love and affection.
Conclusion
The heart shape's association with love is a testament to the enduring human desire to express and celebrate this emotion. Whether it's through the ancient symbol of silphium or the standardized heart shape inspired by anatomical descriptions, the heart remains a powerful symbol of love, passion, and devotion.
Bonus Explainer: The Origins of Valentine's Day
Valentine's Day: A Complicated History
Valentine's Day, celebrated annually on February 14, is named after Saint Valentine, a Roman priest from the 3rd century who is said to have performed secret marriages, a crime under Emperor Claudius II. Although the tales of Saint Valentine vary, one legend suggests that he wrote the first Valentine while in prison, to a young girl he befriended. Whether true or not, Valentine's Day has become a global celebration of love and affection, often marked by the exchange of heart-shaped cards, chocolates, and trinkets.