The Variegated Legacy of the Waffen SS and German Military Service: A Critical Analysis
Introduction: The end of World War II brought a myriad of ethical and moral questions to the forefront, particularly regarding the actions and behavior of the Waffen SS and other military branches of Nazi Germany. This article delves into the peculiar behaviors of the Waffen SS, the differing reactions of Nazi leaders, and the broader context of German military service during the war.
The Waffen SS: A Tale of Contrasts
As World War II drew to a close, the Waffen SS appeared as a group of colossal cowards, fleeing concentration camps, hiding their tattoos, and burning their uniforms. This behavior contrasted sharply with their fanatical adherence when Germany was defeated. The Waffen SS was a volunteer organization until late in the war, but towards its end, some were compelled to join under duress.
Many of the guards in concentration camps ran away, knowing they would be punished if caught. However, a significant portion of the Waffen SS soldiers fought fanatically to the bitter end, including those not even of German nationality. The fact that tattoos were difficult to conceal made these deserters even more precarious.
According to historical records, anyone caught running was tried and executed without any leniency. The SS members were regarded as traitors, regardless of their Nazi affiliations. By 1945, the German public largely refrained from commenting on such behavior, a tactic to avoid the harsh penalties of the time. Despite the propaganda, the leadership of the SS like Himmler did not fare well in the eyes of the German people. Hitler was still revered by many in the 1970s, but the atrocities committed by his men, notably by Himmler, were often attributed to him.
Propaganda and Attributions
The effectiveness of Nazi propaganda is undeniably high, yet some leaders such as Himmler did not escape the blame. Hitler, in several instances, claimed to be unaware of the killings of the Jews, a common defense seen in many similar situations. However, the high battle casualties among the Waffen SS are a testament to their fanaticism and the dreadful situation they faced. Some facts remain clear: all Germans were implicated to some extent, and it is particularly pertinent to examine the actions of German Nazi soldiers in concentration camps.
Concentration Camps and German Involvement
Germany alone housed over 300 concentration camps. Given that Germany is merely 1/28th the size of the United States, it is virtually impossible for German citizens to have been oblivious to the conditions in these camps. The book "Hitler’s Furies" (2013) reveals that up to 500,000 German women participated in the sadistic murder of Jews and other minorities, including the brutalact of bashing babies' heads against rocks. This book provides a stark reminder of the widespread and institutional involvement in these atrocities.
The documentary film "Der unbekannte Soldat: The Unknown Soldier" by Michael Verhoeven, released in 2006, serves as a comprehensive account of the Wehrmacht exhibitions, particularly those held in the Deutsches Historisches Museum in Berlin. Created by Jan Philipp Reemtsma, the exhibition highlights the horrific acts committed by the Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front from 1941 to 1944.
Conclusion
The legacy of the Waffen SS and German military service during World War II is multifaceted, marked by fanaticism, cowardice, and abhorrent atrocities. While the Waffen SS's behavior ranged from battlefield valiance to premeditated flight, the overall context of Nazi Germany demands a comprehensive understanding of the roles and responsibilities of individuals within the system. The research and historical works mentioned above offer critical perspectives that continue to shape our understanding of this dark chapter in history.
Resources:
Waffen SS - Wikipedia Friedrich Himmler - Wikipedia Deutsches Historisches Museum - Wikipedia Hitler’s Furies - Wikipedia Der unbekannte Soldat - Wikipedia Jan Philipp Reemtsma - Wikipedia