The topic of IQ scores often captures considerable attention, especially regarding rare high scores and the more common range of low scores. This article explores the rarity of individuals with exceptionally high IQ scores, such as over 200, and the prevalence of those with an IQ below 100. We will discuss the standardization of IQ tests, the distribution of IQ scores, and provide insights into the actual numbers.

The Rarity of Extremely High IQ Scores

The standardization of IQ tests provides a structured and consistent framework for measuring intelligence, with a mean score of 100 and a standard deviation (SD) of 15. However, extremely high scores, such as those over 200, are rare and often considered to be outside the normal range of measurement for most IQ tests. As a result, providing an accurate count of individuals with such high scores is challenging.

While it is theoretically possible for an individual to have an IQ over 200, the likelihood is astronomically low. Even a score of 194, which is notably higher than 200, is estimated to be possessed by fewer than one in 8 billion people. Scores as high as 160 are rarer, occurring in approximately one in 310,600 individuals, indicating how extremely rare such scores are.

Distribution of IQ Scores

IQ scores typically follow a normal distribution, often referred to as a bell curve. This graphical representation shows how most people cluster around the mean IQ score of 100. About 50% of the population falls below 100, while the other 50% falls above. This distribution further clarifies that almost half of the population has an IQ under 100.

In terms of standard deviations, approximately 68% of the population falls within one SD (i.e., between 85 and 115), and about 95% fall within two SDs (i.e., between 70 and 130). This statistical pattern reinforces the understanding that around 50% of the population has an IQ below 100.

The Reality of High and Low IQ Counts

It is important to note that the exact number of individuals with an IQ over 200 might vary slightly based on the specific IQ scale being used. Different scales employ different standard deviations (SDs), which can affect the distribution of scores.

The SDs commonly used in IQ testing include 24, 16, and 15. Assuming a global population of around 7.837 billion people:

SD 24: It is estimated that around 121,115 individuals would have an IQ over 200, which is still a very rare occurrence. SD 16: Extrapolations suggest that approximately 2 individuals might have an IQ over 200, although some researchers argue this number could be as low as zero in reality. SD 15: Most researchers agree that there are no individuals with an IQ over 200 based on the current distribution of the global population.

In my opinion, IQ and intelligence are not the same thing. IQ is a standardized measure that mainly highlights the extremes of intelligence, expressed as percentiles within the population distribution. Therefore, the concept of an IQ score over 200, while theoretically possible, is practically non-existent in the real world.

The rarity of individuals with an IQ over 200 makes it difficult to provide an accurate count, and any claims to the contrary may be based on misinformation or exaggeration.

Conclusion

In summary, individuals with IQ scores over 200 are extremely rare, while it is more common to find people with an IQ under 100. Understanding the distribution of IQ scores is crucial for grasping the reality of intelligence within the population. Statistically, the majority of individuals fall below the 100 mark, highlighting the variability in intelligence levels across different individuals.

For the curious and those interested in IQ statistics, the standardization and normal distribution of IQ scores offer valuable insights into the distribution of intelligence within the global population. Whether discussing the rarity of extremely high scores or the prevalence of low scores, understanding these concepts can contribute to a more informed and nuanced discussion of intelligence.