Understanding Oedipus Plays: A Guide for Literature Enthusiasts

Introduction

Are you planning to dive into the complex world of Oedipus plays by Sophocles? As a first-time reader of Sophocles, you might wonder if it’s advisable to go into the plays with prior knowledge or to review a study guide first. For those who are literature enthusiasts seeking an exploration of themes without academic obligations, this guide can provide valuable insights.

Recommendations for Preparation

1. Start with a Plot Summary
Reading a plot summary can be incredibly helpful. Knowing who’s who and why they do what they do will make the narrative more accessible. Some might argue that this step is unnecessary if you have a deep understanding of the myth, but for new readers, it’s a good idea to be well-prepared.

2. Historical Context and Audience Engagement
It’s worth noting that Sophocles’ audience would often have prior knowledge of the myths. In ancient times, just before the performances of the tragedies, actors would recite the plot summaries of the plays to the audience. This practice encourages modern readers to do the same, ensuring you have a solid foundation before delving into the text.

3. Religious and Philosophical Significance
Greek tragedies, much like modern Christmas or Easter pageants, were deeply rooted in religious practices. The audience of the plays had a basic understanding of the main events and characters, and their interest was focused on how and why these events unfolded and the lessons they conveyed. Themes of fate, prophecy, and free will were deeply explored.

4. Context and Background
To better understand the nuances of Oedipus the King ( penetralia, see Footnote 1), consider these historical contexts:

Athens in Crisis: Athens had recently dealt with a significant plague, emphasizing the societal impact of the play’s themes. Philosophical Questions: There was a heated debate about the validity of prophecy, even questioning the existence of gods. Be vigilant about the Choral Odes, as they often provide pivotal arguments regarding this discussion. Greek Philosophy: During this era, the concept of “free will” had not yet been introduced. Instead, the traditional Greek notion of “fate” ( Moira) was centered on the idea that one’s life’s fate was decided by the Moirai: Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos. Later, a non-religious concept of fate ( moira) emerged, being the sum total of life’s actions and interactions. Would Sophocles adhere to these definitions or introduce a new interpretation?Footnote 2

Conclusion

Delving into the Oedipus plays by Sophocles requires both a contextual understanding and a deep exploration of the themes. By familiarizing yourself with the plot and the historical and philosophical background, you can gain a richer and more profound appreciation of this timeless work of literature.

Footnotes

1. The term 'penetralia' in the context of Oedipus plays refers to the innermost area of a building or a place where the most sacred and secretive ceremonies take place. In ancient Greek drama, it symbolizes the deepest and most sacred aspects of the tragic narrative.

2. Understanding the concept of 'Moira' versus 'moira' can help you decipher the philosophical implications in the play, adding depth to your reading experience.