Understanding the Difference Between Common Sense and Reason
Understanding the difference between common sense and reason is crucial in navigating the complexities of our daily lives. Both concepts are intertwined yet distinct, each playing a unique role in how we perceive, understand, and interact with the world around us.
What is Common Sense?
Common sense is sound practical judgment concerning everyday matters. It involves the intuitive application of reasoning and a basic ability to perceive, understand, and judge in a manner that is shared by many people. Common sense is often reflected in the taken-for-granted beliefs and behaviors that are generally accepted within a given community. While these values may not always be rational, they contribute significantly to social cohesion and shared norms.
For example, it is common sense that when we jump up into the air, the Earth doesn’t rush past us. This seemingly simple concept is rooted in basic scientific understanding. However, the awareness and comprehension of the underlying scientific principles required to arrive at this conclusion are not common sense in themselves. Common sense is about applying what we intuitively know to make everyday decisions and solve common problems.
Consider another example: If your partner tells you they find you racially unattractive and suggest looking for someone else, common sense might tell you that this could be a bad idea. In this context, common sense aligns with the practical and intuitive judgment that informed relationships are often beneficial and rewarding.
What is Reason?
Reason, on the other hand, is based on a more formal and deliberate application of logical thinking. It involves the systematic analysis and evaluation of information to form a conclusion. Reasoning is the process by which we think, and it enables us to express our ideas and opinions in a clear and coherent manner. Whether we belong to a tight-knit community or live in a cosmopolitan city, reasoning is the best way to articulate our thoughts and ensure that others understand our perspective.
The term reason is often associated with rationality, which involves recognizing logical fallacies, analyzing evidence, and making well-supported arguments. Unlike common sense, which is often rooted in intuitive and societal norms, reasoning requires a conscious effort to think critically and logically.
Are 'Common Sense' and 'Reasoning' the Same?
While 'common sense' and 'reasoning' may seem similar, especially in practical application, they are not the same. Both involve forms of logical thinking, but they operate at different levels and serve different purposes.
Common sense is often an immediate and intuitive judgment based on shared human experiences and societal norms. It is a way of thinking that is widely accepted and often does not require in-depth analysis. For instance, when a child learns not to touch a hot stove without being explicitly taught, they are applying common sense.
Reason, however, involves a more deliberate and formal process of reasoning. It requires a deeper analysis of the available information and a systematic evaluation of arguments. Reasoning is essential in academic, professional, and personal contexts, where nuanced understanding and clear communication are necessary. For example, when a scientist analyzes experimental data to draw a conclusion, they are using reasoning to support their findings.
However, it is also important to recognize that what is reasoned may not always be the sensible approach. For instance, telling a partner you are unattracted to them and suggest moving on may be a reasonable approach from a logical standpoint, but it could be a foolish decision in the context of a relationship. In this case, common sense might suggest looking for long-term benefits and mutual understanding.
Historical Context: The Evolution of Common Sense
Common sense, as a philosophical notion, rose to prominence with the phrase 'communis sensus,' indicating a shared set of values and beliefs within a community. In earlier times, when communities were smaller and more homogeneous, common sense played a crucial role in social cohesion. These shared values bonded individuals together and provided a foundation for societal norms and behaviors.
Today, the concept of common sense has become more nuanced and flexible. With globalization and the advent of international communication, communities are more diverse, and shared values are more complex. This evolution has led to a broader understanding of what constitutes common sense, reflecting the diversity of views and experiences within today's global society.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while common sense and reasoning are fundamentally different, both play vital roles in our daily lives. Common sense is intuitive and shared among people, providing a basis for everyday decisions. Reason, on the other hand, is a more formal and analytical process that enables clear and logical thinking. Understanding the differences between these two concepts helps us navigate the complexities of modern life, making informed and rational decisions.
By recognizing the subtle yet critical distinctions between common sense and reasoning, we can enhance our ability to communicate effectively, solve problems, and navigate the diverse and interconnected world we live in today.