Understanding the Symbolism of a Circle Over a Cross
The symbol of a circle over a cross has fascinated and intrigued those who encounter it, whether in religious texts, art, or cultural contexts. This article delves into the various interpretations and symbolic significance behind this emblem, including its Christian, Celtic, and Egyptian roots.
Crosses and Cultural Symbolism
A circle over a cross, also known as the Celtic Cross, is a symbol that carries deep meaning in different cultures. The Celtic Cross, in particular, is a renowned symbol in the study of Christian and pagan influences.
The Celtic Cross
The Celtic Cross represents light, much like a circle of divine light. During the time of Saint Patrick, who brought Christianity to Ireland, he is believed to have incorporated the Celtic cross into Christian symbolography. According to legend, the circle was added to the Christian cross to demonstrate the pagan Sun gods' inferiority to the Christian God. This symbol aimed to make it easier for pagans to embrace Christianity by combining established cultural symbols with new religious ones.
The Ankh
Another interpretation of a circle over a cross is the Ankh, an ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol that symbolizes eternal life. The Ankh was widely used in Egyptian art and writing to represent the concept of life. This symbol has been adopted in various cultural contexts and has become a recognized symbol of eternal life and the spiritual journey.
The Astrological Cross with a Circle
In astrology, a cross with a circle on top is the symbol for Venus, the planet of love and beauty. This symbol is used in astrological diagrams to indicate the presence of Venus in a particular chart.
Historical and Theological Context
Alexander Hislop, in his book The Two Babylons, provides a detailed analysis of the origins of various symbols that have been adopted by Christendom and other religions. According to Hislop, the cross with a circle on top, often linked with the sun, symbolizes the pagan god Tammuz. This symbol was sometimes combined with the sun circle, as seen in the image referenced in his book. Hislop argues that these symbols are remnants of ancient pagan beliefs and have been incorporated into modern religious practices, often without understanding their original meaning and implications.
Hislop further asserts that the use of these symbols is offensive to the true God, Jehovah, and warns that true worshipers should not use or wear such symbols as they are associated with false religions that existed in Babylon, Egypt, and other places.
For those interested in delving deeper, the book The Two Babylons by Alexander Hislop offers a detailed explanation of the historical background and theological implications of these symbols.
Understanding the symbolism of a circle over a cross, whether it be the Celtic Cross, the Ankh, or the astrology symbol for Venus, can provide insight into the cultural, religious, and historical contexts in which these symbols are used. Whether in religious practices, cultural art, or astrological references, the circle over a cross has a rich and complex history.