Veerapandiya Kattabomman: A Revolutionary Leader in South India
Veerapandiya Kattabomman was a significant figure in the history of Tamil Nadu, serving as a warrior and freedom fighter against British colonial rule. His bravery and determination to maintain the autonomy of the Madurai region remains an inspiration for many.
The Rise of Kattabomman: A Nayak Ruler
The Nayak rulers of Madurai, who dominated the west of Tamil Nadu for over two centuries, came to a sudden end in 1736 when Chanda Sahib of Arcot seized the throne from the last queen. After Chanda Sahib's downfall in the Carnatic Wars, the Nawab of Arcot took over the region. This transfer of power led to a series of conflicts between local rulers and the new Muslim and British administrators.
Kattabomman, a powerful Poligar, refused to pay taxes to the British East India Company, leading to a sequence of events that eventually led to his downfall and execution. Major events in Kattabomman's rule include:
Kattabomman's Meeting and Conflict with Jackson Durai: At a meeting with Jackson Durai, the Collector of the East India Company, Kattabomman's refusal to comply led to a violent skirmish. Jackson was killed, and Kattabomman fled to safety. The Commission of Enquiry: An investigation following the incident absolved Kattabomman and instead blazed against Jackson, the company's official. The 16-March Meeting and Protests: When the new Collector of Tirunelveli called for a meeting on 16 March 1799, Kattabomman delayed due to drought conditions. The Collector accused the Sethupathis of Kattabomman's alliance and planned to attack him. The Battle of Panchalankurichi: Kattabomman refused to meet the Collector and faced a fierce battle, emerging victorious but at a heavy cost, with Lieutenant Collins of the British forces killed.Rebellion and Capture
Kattabomman's resistance towards the British continued, and he was eventually caught by British forces. Thanapathi Pillai and other rebels were captured and tortured. Soundra Pandian Nayak was brutally killed, and Kattabomman was later hanged on 16 October 1799 in Kayathar near Thirunelveli.
The Legacy of Kattabomman
Kattabomman stands as a symbol of Tamil pride and resistance against colonialism. His rebellion in the Polygar War (1798–1805) is remembered as a pivotal moment in the fight for freedom and independence of South India. Various figures associated with Kattabomman, such as Veeran Sundaralingam, also played decisive roles in the war against the British.
Further Reading on Veerapandiya Kattabomman
For a deeper understanding of Veerapandiya Kattabomman and the Polygar War, you can explore the following sources:
Books: Search for books on the Polygar War and the history of Tamil Nadu. Documents: Look for original records and reports from the British government archives. Online Articles: Numerous online articles are available on academic and historical websites. Commentaries: Read commentaries and analysis written by historians and experts on the topic.In conclusion, Veerapandiya Kattabomman's story is a testament to the resistance and bravery of the people in South India during the colonial era. His fight for freedom and his ultimate sacrifice continue to resonate with the Tamil people and serve as an important part of the region's rich history.